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MEASUREMENT OF GEOMETRIC TOLERANCES
IN MANUFACTURING

  (per ASME Y14.5M-1994)

James D. Meadows
© May 1998 / 496 pages; illustrated; 'Print-on-Demand' $79.75
This insightful reference demonstrates a system of measurement, inspection, gaging, geometric tolerancing and fixturing of products in full compliance with the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) approved standards. Providing thorough, easy-to-understand explanations of complex principles, Measurement of Geometric Tolerances in Manufacturing shows how to:
 
• save time and money by anticipating potential problems in functionality, part manufacture and measurement
• design high-quality, low-cost products that are easy to produce and measure
• plan a detailed process of data collection during the design phase and collect variables and attribute inspection data
• reduce revisions, increase production-line efficiency, and enhance product reliability
• increase tolerances without adversely affecting function
• move quickly from design to concept to part production by bridging communication barriers between job disciplines
• and more! 

 

Generously illustrated with hundreds of drawings and explaining the language of geometric symbology to clarify technical points, Measurement of Geometric Tolerances in Manufacturing is a practical guide for mechanical, manufacturing, design, quality control, project, process, industrial automation, automotive, and aerospace engineers and managers; metrologists; draftspersons; and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and continuing education students in these disciplines. 

 

James D. Meadows has written some of the wonderful (and real) stories he tells in his training sessions to illustrate technical points and clarify concepts...you'll discover that learning really can be "entertaining". 


Contents:
• Introduction to Measurement Principles 
[Once Upon a Time...in the Land of Measurement] 
Condition Illustration
Verification of Position with Open Set-Up 


• Geometric Product Definition and Measurement, Inspection and Gaging Principles 
[Just Talk the Talk] 
How to Read a Feature Control Frame
How to Read a Feature Control Frame for Purposes of Measurement 


• Reading the Feature Control Frame 
[For a Functional Understanding and To Guide Product Measurement]


• Functional Product Definition Creates Functional Inspection 
[Inspecting Parts as They are Used]
Functionality Can Be Used to Suggest Manufacturing Procedures
Multiple Possibilities of Dimensioning and Tolerancing for Functionality and Inspectability
I Can't Measure That
Functionality vs. Producibility
The Things I've Seen (Where Tolerances Come From)
Hog-Tied and Cow-Chipped (Importance of Geometric Definition)
Correct and Complete (Tips on Functional Product Definition)
Miles to go Before We Sleep (Importance of Geometric Definition)
Plastic Parts and Stretch Tolerances
Design, Inspection, Production, and Prototype Needs and Capabilities Regarding
Dimensioning and Tolerancing
Implying a Manufacturing Sequence on Complex Part Configurations 


• Principles of Measurement for Geometric Characteristics 
Geometric Characteristic Symbols
Straightness; Flatness; Circularity; Cylindricity; Parallelism; Angularity-Orientation Category;
Profile of a Surface
Composite Profile vs. Two Single-Segment Profile Controls
Coplanarity
Conicity
Profile of a Line
Circular Runout
Total Runout
Concentricity
Symmetry
Inspecting Threaded Holes
The Boundary Concept
Composite Positional Tolerancing vs. Two Single-Segment Positional Tolerancing Controls 

 
• Comparison of Controls [Food Chain of Symbology]
2-D vs. 3-D Controls
Comparison of Coaxiality Controls (Position, Concentricity, Circular Runout, Total Runout)
Concentricity vs. Runout 


•Datums [When Sweet Seeds Grow Rancid Fruit (How to Select Datum Features)]
Part Stabilization (Datums for Flexible Parts)
Sequential Part Definition vs. Simultaneous Requirement (The Game of Leaders and Followers)
Datum Features
Simultaneous and Separate Requirements
Datum Target Assignment
Oddly Configured and Curved Surfaces as Datum Features
Free State Variation in Sheet Metal Parts 


• Material Conditions (Modifiers) - Meaning and Uses 
Maximum Material Condition
The Maximum Material Condition Symbol and Its Ramifications
Allowed vs. Actual Deviation from True Position
Least Material Condition (Meaning and Uses)
Regardless of Feature Size 


• Virtual and Resultant Condition Boundaries
Virtual Condition-a Functional Boundary
Surface vs. Axis Verification
Zero Positional Tolerancing at MMC for a Greater Yield

 
• Gaging--Principles, Terms and Examples
Gage General Principles
Gaging Size Limits; Terms
A Few Major Measurement Concepts
Gaging a Complex sheet Metal Part
General Principles and Terms of Tolerance Compliance 

 
• Merging Theory with Reality [Having the Right Measurement Tool]
Theory vs. Reality (Uncertainties)
Reactions to a Non- Perfect Datum Establishment 


• How to Improve Quality [The Zen of Quality]
Tying Measurements to the Machine
How Many Points Should I Probe?
The Search for Common Sense (Statistics Out of Control)
Quality Issues from the Afterlife (Slogans vs. Programs and Planning)
Focus and Excel (Maximizing your Abilities)
Competing in a Global Economy (Great Products at an Affordable Cost)] 


• Inspection Planning
Dimensional Inspection Planning
Methodical Measurement 


• Sources of Measurement Error
[What We Know Is Often Untrue and Other Sources of Measurement Error]
CMM Error compensation
Certification vs. Calibration 


• Graphical Inspection Techniques and Examples
Graphical Techniques and Inspection Reporting
Comparison of Measurement Techniques and Equipment (Advantages and disadvantages 


• Teamwork Issues [Unity of Purpose Affects the Bottom Line]
Concurrent Engineering-Key to Our Future
Magical, Mystical Stuff (Doing Something vs. Doing Nothing)
Avoiding Tiger Pits . . . While Helping a Leopard Change Its Spots 


• Training Issues [I Wonder as I Wander; Training: An On-Going Process] 


• Statistical Process Control [Faulty Implementation--Wonderful Concepts]
Concepts of Statistical Process Control; Statistical Tolerancing] 


• Letters: Common Problems and Their Solutions [The Good, The Bad and The Really Weird]
-I See the Light at the End of the Tunnel, But It Could Be a Train
-Explosives and a Cell Mate Named Bubba . . . or Training
-Shakin' Like a Dog Passin' Peach Pits
-My Boss Just Died and I Feel Fine
-Bad Meat . . . and No Mayo
-Low Foreheads, Bad Instincts, and Hangdog Looks
-GD&T Questions I Can't Take Any More
 

 

If you have any questions about GD&T training, books, workbooks, tests or DVDs,

please reach out to James D. Meadows & Associates, Inc., at (615) 924-3600. 

 

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